MasuroMotoi1, Katsuya Tajima2, Rina Motoi1, Akitomo Motoi1
1日本东京都三鹰市东荣新药株式会社；2日本东京药科大学
E-mail: akitomo-motoi@toeishinyaku.com
姬松茸通过减少抗癌药物的副作用在癌症治疗中发挥作用，但栽培条件可能会对姬松茸的生理特性有一定的影响。我们通过本试验验证栽培方法是否会对姬松茸减少抗癌药物的副作用产生影响。本试验使用正常的雌性BALB/c小鼠为试验动物，给小鼠口服5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）建立评估抗癌药物副作用的模型。对照组饲喂AIN93G饲料，KAID组添加3%室内栽培的姬松茸(KA21)，KAOD组添加3%室外栽培的姬松茸(KA21)，然后评估药物副作用。口服5-FU后，小鼠体重有下降趋势。但是，KAOD组的体重恢复到与不给药组相同的水平，相比之下，AIN93G和KAID组没有恢复。体重恢复与食物摄取量的增加相对应，KAOD组摄食量高于KAID组和AIN93G组，AIN93G组的摄食量最低。在评价肾功能方面，AIN93G组和KAID组尿蛋白水平升高，而KAOD组明显降低。AIN93G组、KAID组和KAOD组腹泻伴血便的发生率分别为75%、50%和25%。在5-FU给药的第9天，AIN93G组和KAID组证实有肠道损伤，但KAOD组的肠道损伤得到抑制。由抗癌药物引起的恶心、呕吐和腹泻可导致患者出现明显的精神和身体异常，白细胞减少症的恢复是继续治疗的重要指标。此外，预防肾功能不全是极其重要的，然而，目前还没有针对抗癌药物引起肾功能不全的药物。户外栽培的姬松茸（KA21）降低了与抗癌药物相关的副作用，加上其本身抗肿瘤特性，在癌症治疗中具有重要意义。
关键字：抗癌药物副作用，姬松茸(KA21)
Reduction of Anticancer Agent Side Effects by the Outdoor Cultivated Agaricus brasiliensis KA21
Masuro Motoi1, Katsuya Tajima2,Rina Motoi1, Akitomo Motoi1
1Toei Shinyaku Co., Ltd., Mitaka-City, Tokyo, Japan;
2Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
A. brasiliensis may play a complementary role in cancer treatment by reducing side effects associated with anticancer agents. However, the physiological of A. brasiliensis can be affected by cultivation conditions. Thus, we aimed to verify whether the reduction in anticancer agent side effects by A. brasiliensis is affected by cultivation methods. In this trial, we used clinically normal female BALB/c mice. The mice were orally administered fluorouracil (5-FU) to generate a model for assessing the side effects of an anticancer agent. Mice were fed AIN93G diet (control group), with 3% indoor cultivated A. brasiliensis (KA21) (KAID group), or with 3% outdoor cultivated A. brasiliensis (KA21) (KAOD group). The side effects were then evaluated. Following the oral administration of 5FU, there was a decreasing trend in the body weight. However, the KAOD group recovered the body weight to the same level as the group without drug administration. In contrast, the AIN93G and KAID groups did not exhibit recovery. The improved recovery in body weight corresponded to greater food intake, which was greater in the KAOD group than that in the KAID group and the AIN93G group. The intake was lowest in the AIN93G group. In the evaluation of renal function, the urinary protein level was elevated in the AIN93G and KAID groups; whereas, it was notably lower in the KAOD group. The incidences of diarrhea with bloody stool were 75%, 50% and 25% for the AIN93G, KAID, and KAOD groups, respectively. Intestinal damage on day 9 of the 5-FU administration was confirmed in the AIN93G and KAID groups, but was suppressed in the KAOD group. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea caused by anticancer agents can lead to significant mental and physical alterations in patients. Recovery from leukopenia is an important index for treatment continuation. Moreover, prevention of renal dysfunction is extremely important; however, presently, there is no drug for renal dysfunction caused by anticancer agents. Along with its antitumor properties, outdoor cultivated A. brasiliensis(KA21) reduced the side effects that are commonly associated with anticancer agents, demonstrating its significant therapeutic implications in cancer treatment.
Keywords: anticancer agent side effects, Agaricus brasiliensis (KA21)
原文发表于：Abstracts of the 10th International Medicinal Mushroom Conference, 2019，p135